[李佑光 再 found in Japan] Japanese smaller companies a strong reason for
⊙ high growth companies to acquire the best part - building a relationship of trust between small businesses as small businesses solve problems⊙ 1940 Small Business Administration from the late installation, and related regulatory policies and SME promotion⊙ machinery, electronic components, fiber and important industrial support policies mainly promoting
李佑光Born ⊙ 1952. Graduated from Chung-Ang University and Statistics. University of Tokyo, Faculty of Economics, Dr. 日 Course.⊙ Samsung Economic Research Institute, Japan, team leader, served as Chief Foreign Studies.
Senior Researcher, Samsung Economic Research Institute 李佑光
Toyota's human resources agency, 'Global Production Center (GPC)'. Freedom of enterprise technology and human resources systems for small businesses to relocate small businesses has been a big help in troubleshooting.
Recently, Lee (李明博) President and a keen emphasis on the social responsibility of enterprises, large enterprises and SMEs, the problem is the relationship between the issues are.
But in Japan, 'the lost 20 years', 'deflation issue is the economy' as much as they were turned out even small businesses are not the problem. Daegieopman recession (不 况) and the boom in small and medium enterprises (好 况) said it's not reaping.
Last game is recovering despite complaints from ordinary people do not feel the skin of the Japanese in Korea and is the same. However, the gap between large and small companies which understand the problem rather than as 'the household boom (家计) takes some time until the income increase,' a very popular point of view. Household income decreasing trend from 1997 onwards, the level of ordinary people because the economic recovery that seems to think is just kindling. Thus, unemployment (失业) or wage increases, (赁 金) is a problem that does not go up small businesses that do not feel cold because of a problem that seems witmok.
Because Japan is the basic problem of SMEs in the 1960s because almost resolved.Furthermore, the source of SME competitiveness of Japanese products will happily say.The last South Korea and the Chinese economy recovering became Japan's materials, parts and equipment manufacturers' exports growing 'a middle and a (韩 中 日) Triangle Match' a Japanese game drawn (牵引) said rather small and medium enterprises to glorify.
Some of our products, companies caught up in the Japanese products are competitive or comparable. And far from the benchmark by many institutions in Japan and then I can work.
But the really bad part of toxic Japanese benchmark problems that are small businesses. I can not help wondering why. "Economic and industrial policy so far mainly focused on large, export-oriented companies because it was" not easy to understand the answers alone. The problem with small businesses because they did not because the regime did not. Even more interesting is the policy of Japan-related small businesses or institutions in Korea is that almost all. How would it make sense?
Emerging small businesses look at the problem with almost all of the problems associated with small businesses are listed. Delivery Unit (纳 品 单价) cuts, unfair trade, small businesses a unique industry involvement, small merchants Issues, Staffing difficulties, small and medium businesses - enterprise cooperation between the Poor, small businesses and large corporations, the gap between the economy of the dual structure, etc. at the same time is expressed.
So far Korea is a small business issue, it is also not addressed properly, how? Japan Small and Medium Enterprises has been attacking the problem, look at how some of these questions is to find out.
Japan's small business policy
Japan's small business issues in the 1930s, the first contract (下 请) loomed as a problem. Large and small businesses deal with the presence of a broker between the low-cost outsourcing companies (低价) impose order and outraged equipment investment, skilled training, technology improvements have exposed the problem that is inhibited.
Production of war materiel were desperate, the Japanese government in 1940 ordered the factory building and cooperation between the policy of subcontracting factories 'steel products, industrial machinery maintenance guidelines (机械 铁钢 制品 工业 整 备 要 纲)' created both large and small businesses are exclusive (专属的) is related to the force's work. All businesses and companies outsourcing orders given by companies to deal with technical guidance, financial assistance consists of a seamless productivity of companies adopting the outsourcing was a goal.
The result of course was a failure. All business dealings with the government and because it is impossible to control. Order of business other than the designated company to deal with contractors if companies have too often happens. The original contractors have allocated (原) materials used for other purposes was an act of opportunism. Japan went ahead after the government encourage cooperation between large and small companies, the policy did not.
Japan's small business policies began to organize the confusion caused by war since the 1948 Small Business Administration is installed. GHQ (General Headquarters of Allied) rocking the foundation of the enterprise system, dismantling the chaebol, in the midst of the antitrust laws enacted by the Japanese government recognized the importance of small businesses that deserve appreciate.
The focus of government policy, which stands for small and medium enterprises (弱者) How are SMEs 'development' would have been fit. So focus on policies to facilitate the financing for the monetary policy, whereby the power of organization policies for collecting, and advanced management techniques to vocational guidance policy framework for the diagnosis, respectively.
Financial policies, financial difficulties for relieving the National Finance Corporation (公 库 1949 years) has established, and long-term funding for the Small Business Finance Corporation (1953), the mortgage shortage for the Credit Guarantee Agreements hoebeop (1953) and maintenance said.
Stands for small businesses to strengthen the bargaining power of small businesses to organize policies Cooperative Act (1949) was enacted. SME Business of the rat race and to prevent 'certain small businesses to the stability of the Temporary Measures (1953) enacted the antitrust laws apply excluded sikyeoteumyeo, small and medium enterprises producing cartel to recognize small businesses Stabilization (1953), the hanggubeop (恒久 法) has to. Chamber hoeuisobeop (1953) has also established this time. Small business management modernization, streamlining the corporate policy for the diagnosis, diagnostic system maps (1948), Small Business Advisor Installation (1948), traversal (巡回) guidance system (1952), and the like.
Focusing on critical industry support for industry-focused
SME policy framework at this point, with almost semyida. Post (战后) Despite the hardships of Japan policy makers said they revised the extent. Ministry of Commerce and small businesses in 1960 and 1996, not until you install and install the Small Business Administration from Korea were different ideas about small business issues he will not be able to do only.
But the Japanese economy due to the growth of South Korea began a special war large and small businesses gap problem, ie 'double tectonics' This loomed. Productivity between large and small businesses, wages, technology, financing gap severely hinder the healthy development of the Japanese economy is that. The dual structure of economic issues to surface when the game is better than bad, even in Japan and Korea did the same. But troubleshooting a little different from the Japanese.
Time, Japan has emerged as an industry policy, industrial structure. Rather than targeting all the small businesses and small businesses a lot of riders also important industries, mechanical and electronic components industry and the textile industry to develop policies to focus on is side. Temporary Measures for Promotion of Machine Industry (1956), Temporary Measures for Textile Industry Equipment (1956), Electronic Industry Development Temporary Act (1957), the enacted SME modernization of the facilities, skills development and management of various policies for the rationalization ofpushed. Today Japan is based on mechanical and electronic components of power that made this time.
Japanese government to foster the industry jungsogieopjinheungjageumjoseongbeop (1956), jungsogieopgeundaehwajageumjoseongbeop (1963) was due to funding.Unreasonable delay in payment of large companies and contractors to prevent payment cuts delay in payment Act (1956) and has even enacted a special law of antitrust laws.Another problem surfaced at the time of the small traders had protection issues. First, areas with local small and large retailers to adjust baekhwajeombeop (1956) was enacted, small traders the opportunity to acquire the business of buying a retail contractor, retail and commercial control regulations on Special Measures (1956 ) was enacted. Shopping for small merchants and promote the organization of the union (1962) was enacted. After entering the large retailers to regulate so-called 'daejeombeop (大 店 法 1973 years)' enacted for the regulation spurred companies to advance.
Despite these various systems troubleshooting dual structure is not easy. In addition, newly emerging problems of the Japanese economy, foreign (对外) was open. GATT 11 in 1963, the country (条 国), 1964 IMF 8 years since the country had been planned for implementation by SMEs in the previous maintenance policy once again was the need to strengthen international competitiveness.
So, the entire small business policy, re (再) Small Business Act to establish (1963) was enacted. Small business policy between large and small companies 'visibility gap' for SMEs will be to clarify the basic principles of modernization of the facility, enterprise-scale modernization policy for the expansion was carried out in earnest. Primarily a mining and than the number of employees 300 people, fewer than 50 retailers, with more than 20 people in small businesses and medium-sized enterprises to define the scope of the various initiatives that focus is promoting. Jungsogieopgeundaehwajageumjoseongbeop Together (1963) was also supported through the fund. Small Business Act enacted in 1995 and with over 30 years gyeokchada Korea.
Delivery - build trust relationships between outsourcing companies
But to solve the problem of Japanese small and medium enterprises has contributed to various institutions or companies that - a fantastic partnership between small businesses were built. Policy measures that were in the stands to protect the map, the market relationships (市场) competitiveness of small and medium enterprises to serve as a means of discipline.
Height of the large and growing small businesses to cooperate in the best interests of the two economic incentives (诱引) has a strong effect. The final product manufacturing giant maker (order companies) are high (高) in order to compete in quality and low cost components to provide an excellent medium enterprises (sub company) was to secure immediate business challenges.
At that time, to procure parts from overseas was not an environment. Because of the excellent local contractors to secure large euroseoneun was very important. The height of outsourcing companies grew large quantities of mass produced by subcontractors to ensure the contractors have had the advantage because it could evolve. Both large and small businesses cost-effective incentives for cooperation that was enough.
As a result, many small businesses to large corporate partners have been organized.The two primary suppliers of a car, I laid out three car series (系列) formation. More than 20,000 the number of components that are typical in the automotive industry partnerships.Japanese auto industry now boasts the world's top competitive companies and contractors that the withholding order to the company's long-term, stable relationships of trust building is not safe to say.
Just fantastic growth of bilateral economic cooperation because it was not built. Delivery companies the ability to manage outsourcing companies thoroughly proved effective.Delivery companies 'stick and carrot' was the managing contractor. For quality improvement and cost reduction to produce the same kind of parts suppliers compete for business by screening 2-3, had a long-term, stable deals.
Technology companies with their most trusted suppliers of the products involved in the planning to flip flop design parts suppliers have made themselves. For these companies the technology transfer, provide the latest equipment, staffing, and was spared.
Other companies have outsourced to contractors, while technological advances and competitive, and have tried to improve the quality. This technology, equipment, human resources, as well as statistical quality control technique secure TQC (Total Quality Control) and to receive the latest management techniques were needed to pass.
Profit more important than short-term trading
Through this process, the high growth Japanese businesses main characteristic of systematization, the long-term, stable between large and small businesses 'trust' trading practices that have been created.
I trust that the Japanese companies in Korea or the West (欧美) companies think they are somewhat different from the trust. Western companies plus the ability to keep promise, not any opportunistic behavior, such as 'the process (公正 意图)' If you have a business connection enterprise 'trust' he said. Like other Japanese companies to develop 'the coexistence of (共存 共荣 意图)' must have a business connection enterprise 'trust' he said.
Therefore, Japanese companies short-term (短期) trading loss in (损益) argumentative relationship, rather than long-term (长期) emphasis on deals to help each other it gets.When commodity prices soaring on short-term over long-term deal rather than raise prices to reflect this trade practice is common. 'This time you give a little cry' If you say 'I'll pay in some way by the' accepted as a means.
The long-term partnerships large and small businesses throughout the Japanese economy in the late 1960s is not built. And in 1970 the Japanese government published "Small Business White Paper> a 'dual structure was almost resolved' I said. The Japanese cultural products, rather than the efforts of large and small companies plus economic incentives are the result of the works.
The big plus here, a small business that can provide equipment and personnel were not systematic support. Now that hundreds of Japanese companies (子), grandson of the company (孙子) is a company commander. Pharmaceutical companies to invest in small businesses because a lot of. The 'chulhyang (出 向)' through the big attraction is its subsidiaries may be sent to. Investment (出资) and apply antitrust laws to labor than neuseunhaetda South Korea.
Small companies rarely have fixed the fundamental problem since the policy of the Japanese SMEs to adapt to climate change policies focus on.
Since the oil crisis of 1973 the industrial structure of Japan's small business policies as part of the policy 'weakening house knowledge (知识 集约化)' promotion policy. That technology SMEs, human resources, information and ensure the smooth soft management resources is to make. Small Business Information Center (1973) established across the country in terms of information and support for small businesses has.University of SMEs in terms of talent (1980) by installing the management, technical and maintenance training system has to. Teaching Small Business (1986) to amend the Small Business Regional Information Center was activated. Another area to enable small businesses 'Small businesses in a recession, a temporary measures Measures' (1978) and was enacted. Agency created in 1980, small businesses and has supported the overseas expansion of small businesses.
Since engo (円 高) bulhwangha (下) small businesses that can adapt to changing business environment, structural transformation, focusing on industrial integration policy has attracted angry. Since the collapse of the bubble in the small business entrepreneurship, new businesses were supported. To amend the Small Business Act in 1999, under the slow growth of economic development, business innovation, entrepreneurship and small businesses to focus on their own efforts to support policy changes.
In recent years, the impact of financial crisis, half the domestic stage in the business of small and medium enterprises (内需) became a serious recession 'Small Business Charter for the establishment movement is visible. SME policy 'against Visibility (不利 是 正)' from the perspective of the protagonist, but as a recognition of the Japanese economy is suggesting.
Development rather than government intervention is desirable
Small Business Policy in Japan, large corporations, small business development and partnership formation process that will feel a lot of help. Chemistry dwicheojyeotgo than Japan than in Japan so far behind small business policy, even if it can not help it, SME policy, to learn from Japan about a dog or two is not the point.
Recent Japanese FTA Policy of Korea, as well as large corporations, public and private for Overseas orders (民 官) collaboration system, stock exchanges have been moving and should be benchmarked. The Japanese department store industry, is officially coming to Korea to learn the management of the department is not so. Now, at least in part to Japan's benchmark Korea has become the era. Nevertheless, small businesses can not keep up with policies in Korea and Japan is the reason?
First, the government of the importance of small business enterprises is lack of awareness rather than Japan. The Small Business Administration and the Small Business Act enact sigiman appearances can tell. Balanced economic development for the importance of small and medium enterprises is needless to say. Materials, parts and equipment imported from Japan two days (对 日) Trade adverse balance (逆 调) the fact that the main cause, but everyone knows that, for them to relieve the geeulrihae development of SMEs is being paid.
Second, SMEs can easily fix the problem is not a challenge. The environment continues to change, new problems will be turned out. So the problem must be resolved daedudoel should thoroughly every phase. Once all the problems of small businesses today are expressing a lack of policy has been evidence indicating that small business is.
Third, the government for unfair trade should be strongly involved, but there are limits.Small business policy of the government intervention is desirable, rather than proactive development policy maps. After the bubble burst, the Japanese government to small businesses unsecured interest-free emergency loans to 50 million yen, and across the country on the high (高价) mechanism of creating a test lab for small businesses take advantage of it made. The Japanese government representative of all small business policy, "the spreading of these policies in Japan as the country in the world," he boasted.
Scheme to solve the problem, rather than economic incentives
Fourth, a fantastic collaboration between SMEs and large corporations, small business is building relationships with many of the problems will be solved. And cooperation to solve the system, rather than economic incentives. In fact this section can be moved to such a policy, timely (适 期) is a global outsourcing and high growth period passed and what to do in the general environment is the part that requires a lot of issues. Even so, companies must be innovative and innovative small businesses can make the final product should have a point.
Fifth, the companies regarding the Small and Medium Enterprises Fair Trading Act is necessary to apply a little loose. Whatever the background, South Korea's Fair Trade focuses on the results so far of large capital and technology and human resources flow into the small businesses that can go into a lot of channels are blocked. Between institutions 'complementarity (补 完 性)' This is because the emphasis on one policy objective look at the problem shows up on the other side is easy. Small and Medium Enterprises large and small businesses a priority if economic incentives to cooperate with institutional support is needed. Governments, large corporations, small businesses face, head, all the knots are expected to solve. ⊙
⊙ high growth companies to acquire the best part - building a relationship of trust between small businesses as small businesses solve problems⊙ 1940 Small Business Administration from the late installation, and related regulatory policies and SME promotion⊙ machinery, electronic components, fiber and important industrial support policies mainly promoting
李佑光Born ⊙ 1952. Graduated from Chung-Ang University and Statistics. University of Tokyo, Faculty of Economics, Dr. 日 Course.⊙ Samsung Economic Research Institute, Japan, team leader, served as Chief Foreign Studies.
Senior Researcher, Samsung Economic Research Institute 李佑光
Toyota's human resources agency, 'Global Production Center (GPC)'. Freedom of enterprise technology and human resources systems for small businesses to relocate small businesses has been a big help in troubleshooting.
Recently, Lee (李明博) President and a keen emphasis on the social responsibility of enterprises, large enterprises and SMEs, the problem is the relationship between the issues are.
But in Japan, 'the lost 20 years', 'deflation issue is the economy' as much as they were turned out even small businesses are not the problem. Daegieopman recession (不 况) and the boom in small and medium enterprises (好 况) said it's not reaping.
Last game is recovering despite complaints from ordinary people do not feel the skin of the Japanese in Korea and is the same. However, the gap between large and small companies which understand the problem rather than as 'the household boom (家计) takes some time until the income increase,' a very popular point of view. Household income decreasing trend from 1997 onwards, the level of ordinary people because the economic recovery that seems to think is just kindling. Thus, unemployment (失业) or wage increases, (赁 金) is a problem that does not go up small businesses that do not feel cold because of a problem that seems witmok.
Because Japan is the basic problem of SMEs in the 1960s because almost resolved.Furthermore, the source of SME competitiveness of Japanese products will happily say.The last South Korea and the Chinese economy recovering became Japan's materials, parts and equipment manufacturers' exports growing 'a middle and a (韩 中 日) Triangle Match' a Japanese game drawn (牵引) said rather small and medium enterprises to glorify.
Some of our products, companies caught up in the Japanese products are competitive or comparable. And far from the benchmark by many institutions in Japan and then I can work.
But the really bad part of toxic Japanese benchmark problems that are small businesses. I can not help wondering why. "Economic and industrial policy so far mainly focused on large, export-oriented companies because it was" not easy to understand the answers alone. The problem with small businesses because they did not because the regime did not. Even more interesting is the policy of Japan-related small businesses or institutions in Korea is that almost all. How would it make sense?
Emerging small businesses look at the problem with almost all of the problems associated with small businesses are listed. Delivery Unit (纳 品 单价) cuts, unfair trade, small businesses a unique industry involvement, small merchants Issues, Staffing difficulties, small and medium businesses - enterprise cooperation between the Poor, small businesses and large corporations, the gap between the economy of the dual structure, etc. at the same time is expressed.
So far Korea is a small business issue, it is also not addressed properly, how? Japan Small and Medium Enterprises has been attacking the problem, look at how some of these questions is to find out.
Japan's small business policy
Japan's small business issues in the 1930s, the first contract (下 请) loomed as a problem. Large and small businesses deal with the presence of a broker between the low-cost outsourcing companies (低价) impose order and outraged equipment investment, skilled training, technology improvements have exposed the problem that is inhibited.
Production of war materiel were desperate, the Japanese government in 1940 ordered the factory building and cooperation between the policy of subcontracting factories 'steel products, industrial machinery maintenance guidelines (机械 铁钢 制品 工业 整 备 要 纲)' created both large and small businesses are exclusive (专属的) is related to the force's work. All businesses and companies outsourcing orders given by companies to deal with technical guidance, financial assistance consists of a seamless productivity of companies adopting the outsourcing was a goal.
The result of course was a failure. All business dealings with the government and because it is impossible to control. Order of business other than the designated company to deal with contractors if companies have too often happens. The original contractors have allocated (原) materials used for other purposes was an act of opportunism. Japan went ahead after the government encourage cooperation between large and small companies, the policy did not.
Japan's small business policies began to organize the confusion caused by war since the 1948 Small Business Administration is installed. GHQ (General Headquarters of Allied) rocking the foundation of the enterprise system, dismantling the chaebol, in the midst of the antitrust laws enacted by the Japanese government recognized the importance of small businesses that deserve appreciate.
The focus of government policy, which stands for small and medium enterprises (弱者) How are SMEs 'development' would have been fit. So focus on policies to facilitate the financing for the monetary policy, whereby the power of organization policies for collecting, and advanced management techniques to vocational guidance policy framework for the diagnosis, respectively.
Financial policies, financial difficulties for relieving the National Finance Corporation (公 库 1949 years) has established, and long-term funding for the Small Business Finance Corporation (1953), the mortgage shortage for the Credit Guarantee Agreements hoebeop (1953) and maintenance said.
Stands for small businesses to strengthen the bargaining power of small businesses to organize policies Cooperative Act (1949) was enacted. SME Business of the rat race and to prevent 'certain small businesses to the stability of the Temporary Measures (1953) enacted the antitrust laws apply excluded sikyeoteumyeo, small and medium enterprises producing cartel to recognize small businesses Stabilization (1953), the hanggubeop (恒久 法) has to. Chamber hoeuisobeop (1953) has also established this time. Small business management modernization, streamlining the corporate policy for the diagnosis, diagnostic system maps (1948), Small Business Advisor Installation (1948), traversal (巡回) guidance system (1952), and the like.
Focusing on critical industry support for industry-focused
SME policy framework at this point, with almost semyida. Post (战后) Despite the hardships of Japan policy makers said they revised the extent. Ministry of Commerce and small businesses in 1960 and 1996, not until you install and install the Small Business Administration from Korea were different ideas about small business issues he will not be able to do only.
But the Japanese economy due to the growth of South Korea began a special war large and small businesses gap problem, ie 'double tectonics' This loomed. Productivity between large and small businesses, wages, technology, financing gap severely hinder the healthy development of the Japanese economy is that. The dual structure of economic issues to surface when the game is better than bad, even in Japan and Korea did the same. But troubleshooting a little different from the Japanese.
Time, Japan has emerged as an industry policy, industrial structure. Rather than targeting all the small businesses and small businesses a lot of riders also important industries, mechanical and electronic components industry and the textile industry to develop policies to focus on is side. Temporary Measures for Promotion of Machine Industry (1956), Temporary Measures for Textile Industry Equipment (1956), Electronic Industry Development Temporary Act (1957), the enacted SME modernization of the facilities, skills development and management of various policies for the rationalization ofpushed. Today Japan is based on mechanical and electronic components of power that made this time.
Japanese government to foster the industry jungsogieopjinheungjageumjoseongbeop (1956), jungsogieopgeundaehwajageumjoseongbeop (1963) was due to funding.Unreasonable delay in payment of large companies and contractors to prevent payment cuts delay in payment Act (1956) and has even enacted a special law of antitrust laws.Another problem surfaced at the time of the small traders had protection issues. First, areas with local small and large retailers to adjust baekhwajeombeop (1956) was enacted, small traders the opportunity to acquire the business of buying a retail contractor, retail and commercial control regulations on Special Measures (1956 ) was enacted. Shopping for small merchants and promote the organization of the union (1962) was enacted. After entering the large retailers to regulate so-called 'daejeombeop (大 店 法 1973 years)' enacted for the regulation spurred companies to advance.
Despite these various systems troubleshooting dual structure is not easy. In addition, newly emerging problems of the Japanese economy, foreign (对外) was open. GATT 11 in 1963, the country (条 国), 1964 IMF 8 years since the country had been planned for implementation by SMEs in the previous maintenance policy once again was the need to strengthen international competitiveness.
So, the entire small business policy, re (再) Small Business Act to establish (1963) was enacted. Small business policy between large and small companies 'visibility gap' for SMEs will be to clarify the basic principles of modernization of the facility, enterprise-scale modernization policy for the expansion was carried out in earnest. Primarily a mining and than the number of employees 300 people, fewer than 50 retailers, with more than 20 people in small businesses and medium-sized enterprises to define the scope of the various initiatives that focus is promoting. Jungsogieopgeundaehwajageumjoseongbeop Together (1963) was also supported through the fund. Small Business Act enacted in 1995 and with over 30 years gyeokchada Korea.
Delivery - build trust relationships between outsourcing companies
But to solve the problem of Japanese small and medium enterprises has contributed to various institutions or companies that - a fantastic partnership between small businesses were built. Policy measures that were in the stands to protect the map, the market relationships (市场) competitiveness of small and medium enterprises to serve as a means of discipline.
Height of the large and growing small businesses to cooperate in the best interests of the two economic incentives (诱引) has a strong effect. The final product manufacturing giant maker (order companies) are high (高) in order to compete in quality and low cost components to provide an excellent medium enterprises (sub company) was to secure immediate business challenges.
At that time, to procure parts from overseas was not an environment. Because of the excellent local contractors to secure large euroseoneun was very important. The height of outsourcing companies grew large quantities of mass produced by subcontractors to ensure the contractors have had the advantage because it could evolve. Both large and small businesses cost-effective incentives for cooperation that was enough.
As a result, many small businesses to large corporate partners have been organized.The two primary suppliers of a car, I laid out three car series (系列) formation. More than 20,000 the number of components that are typical in the automotive industry partnerships.Japanese auto industry now boasts the world's top competitive companies and contractors that the withholding order to the company's long-term, stable relationships of trust building is not safe to say.
Just fantastic growth of bilateral economic cooperation because it was not built. Delivery companies the ability to manage outsourcing companies thoroughly proved effective.Delivery companies 'stick and carrot' was the managing contractor. For quality improvement and cost reduction to produce the same kind of parts suppliers compete for business by screening 2-3, had a long-term, stable deals.
Technology companies with their most trusted suppliers of the products involved in the planning to flip flop design parts suppliers have made themselves. For these companies the technology transfer, provide the latest equipment, staffing, and was spared.
Other companies have outsourced to contractors, while technological advances and competitive, and have tried to improve the quality. This technology, equipment, human resources, as well as statistical quality control technique secure TQC (Total Quality Control) and to receive the latest management techniques were needed to pass.
Profit more important than short-term trading
Through this process, the high growth Japanese businesses main characteristic of systematization, the long-term, stable between large and small businesses 'trust' trading practices that have been created.
I trust that the Japanese companies in Korea or the West (欧美) companies think they are somewhat different from the trust. Western companies plus the ability to keep promise, not any opportunistic behavior, such as 'the process (公正 意图)' If you have a business connection enterprise 'trust' he said. Like other Japanese companies to develop 'the coexistence of (共存 共荣 意图)' must have a business connection enterprise 'trust' he said.
Therefore, Japanese companies short-term (短期) trading loss in (损益) argumentative relationship, rather than long-term (长期) emphasis on deals to help each other it gets.When commodity prices soaring on short-term over long-term deal rather than raise prices to reflect this trade practice is common. 'This time you give a little cry' If you say 'I'll pay in some way by the' accepted as a means.
The long-term partnerships large and small businesses throughout the Japanese economy in the late 1960s is not built. And in 1970 the Japanese government published "Small Business White Paper> a 'dual structure was almost resolved' I said. The Japanese cultural products, rather than the efforts of large and small companies plus economic incentives are the result of the works.
The big plus here, a small business that can provide equipment and personnel were not systematic support. Now that hundreds of Japanese companies (子), grandson of the company (孙子) is a company commander. Pharmaceutical companies to invest in small businesses because a lot of. The 'chulhyang (出 向)' through the big attraction is its subsidiaries may be sent to. Investment (出资) and apply antitrust laws to labor than neuseunhaetda South Korea.
Small companies rarely have fixed the fundamental problem since the policy of the Japanese SMEs to adapt to climate change policies focus on.
Since the oil crisis of 1973 the industrial structure of Japan's small business policies as part of the policy 'weakening house knowledge (知识 集约化)' promotion policy. That technology SMEs, human resources, information and ensure the smooth soft management resources is to make. Small Business Information Center (1973) established across the country in terms of information and support for small businesses has.University of SMEs in terms of talent (1980) by installing the management, technical and maintenance training system has to. Teaching Small Business (1986) to amend the Small Business Regional Information Center was activated. Another area to enable small businesses 'Small businesses in a recession, a temporary measures Measures' (1978) and was enacted. Agency created in 1980, small businesses and has supported the overseas expansion of small businesses.
Since engo (円 高) bulhwangha (下) small businesses that can adapt to changing business environment, structural transformation, focusing on industrial integration policy has attracted angry. Since the collapse of the bubble in the small business entrepreneurship, new businesses were supported. To amend the Small Business Act in 1999, under the slow growth of economic development, business innovation, entrepreneurship and small businesses to focus on their own efforts to support policy changes.
In recent years, the impact of financial crisis, half the domestic stage in the business of small and medium enterprises (内需) became a serious recession 'Small Business Charter for the establishment movement is visible. SME policy 'against Visibility (不利 是 正)' from the perspective of the protagonist, but as a recognition of the Japanese economy is suggesting.
Development rather than government intervention is desirable
Small Business Policy in Japan, large corporations, small business development and partnership formation process that will feel a lot of help. Chemistry dwicheojyeotgo than Japan than in Japan so far behind small business policy, even if it can not help it, SME policy, to learn from Japan about a dog or two is not the point.
Recent Japanese FTA Policy of Korea, as well as large corporations, public and private for Overseas orders (民 官) collaboration system, stock exchanges have been moving and should be benchmarked. The Japanese department store industry, is officially coming to Korea to learn the management of the department is not so. Now, at least in part to Japan's benchmark Korea has become the era. Nevertheless, small businesses can not keep up with policies in Korea and Japan is the reason?
First, the government of the importance of small business enterprises is lack of awareness rather than Japan. The Small Business Administration and the Small Business Act enact sigiman appearances can tell. Balanced economic development for the importance of small and medium enterprises is needless to say. Materials, parts and equipment imported from Japan two days (对 日) Trade adverse balance (逆 调) the fact that the main cause, but everyone knows that, for them to relieve the geeulrihae development of SMEs is being paid.
Second, SMEs can easily fix the problem is not a challenge. The environment continues to change, new problems will be turned out. So the problem must be resolved daedudoel should thoroughly every phase. Once all the problems of small businesses today are expressing a lack of policy has been evidence indicating that small business is.
Third, the government for unfair trade should be strongly involved, but there are limits.Small business policy of the government intervention is desirable, rather than proactive development policy maps. After the bubble burst, the Japanese government to small businesses unsecured interest-free emergency loans to 50 million yen, and across the country on the high (高价) mechanism of creating a test lab for small businesses take advantage of it made. The Japanese government representative of all small business policy, "the spreading of these policies in Japan as the country in the world," he boasted.
Scheme to solve the problem, rather than economic incentives
Fourth, a fantastic collaboration between SMEs and large corporations, small business is building relationships with many of the problems will be solved. And cooperation to solve the system, rather than economic incentives. In fact this section can be moved to such a policy, timely (适 期) is a global outsourcing and high growth period passed and what to do in the general environment is the part that requires a lot of issues. Even so, companies must be innovative and innovative small businesses can make the final product should have a point.
Fifth, the companies regarding the Small and Medium Enterprises Fair Trading Act is necessary to apply a little loose. Whatever the background, South Korea's Fair Trade focuses on the results so far of large capital and technology and human resources flow into the small businesses that can go into a lot of channels are blocked. Between institutions 'complementarity (补 完 性)' This is because the emphasis on one policy objective look at the problem shows up on the other side is easy. Small and Medium Enterprises large and small businesses a priority if economic incentives to cooperate with institutional support is needed. Governments, large corporations, small businesses face, head, all the knots are expected to solve. ⊙
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